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主减速器 发动机的动力经过变速器输出后,必须经过主减速器和差速器才能传递车轮,对于前轮驱动的汽车,如我们常见的轿车,主减速器和差速器设计在变速器壳体内;对于后轮驱动的汽车,如客车和货车,主减速器和差速器安装在后轿内。 锥形齿轮式主减速器图 2差速器的工作原理和工作状态: Differential and final drive structure and working principle 序号 英 文 中 文 1.13 Final drive 主减速器 3 reduction spur gear 减速正齿轮 序号 英 文 中 文 4 differential planet wheel 差速器 行星齿轮 1 bevel pinion 小锥齿轮 5 worm shaft 蜗杆 2 ring gear 环齿轮 6 worm wheel 蜗轮 7 low speed reduction gear 低速减速齿轮 8 axle shaft 轮轴 9 high speed reduction gear 高速减速齿轮 10 dog clutch 夹头离合器 11 driving pinion flange 驱动小锥 齿轮凸缘 1.14 differential 差速器 1 planetary gear 行星齿轮 2 drive shaft 驱动轴 3 differential pinion 差速器 小锥齿轮 4 differential side gear 差速器侧齿轮 5 drive shaft 驱动轴 6
一 主减速器
主减速器的作用将变速器输出的动力再次减速,以增加转矩,之后将动力传递给差速器。主减速器的类型:
(1)单级主减速器:大部分汽车的主减速器为单级主减速器,减速型式为普通斜齿轮式或锥形齿轮式:
其中锥形齿轮式主减速器如图所示,广泛的应用于后驱汽车的后轿中,变速器输出动力经过传动轴传给主动锥齿轮,经从动锥齿轮减速后传给差速器。 普通斜齿轮式主减速器应用于前驱汽车的变速器中。
注:对于前驱汽车的变速器中的主减速器,如果发动机在机舱在横置,则主减速器为普通斜齿轮式;如果发动机在机舱内纵置,则主减速器为锥形齿轮式,如桑塔纳、帕萨特等。
(2)双级主减速器:在重型货车上,常采用双级主减速器,
第一级为锥形齿轮减速,第二级为普通斜齿轮减速。
1 差速器的作用:
汽车在直线行驶时,左右车轮转速几乎相同,而在转弯时,左右车轮转速不同,差速器能实现左右车轮转速的自动调节,即允许左右车轮以不同的转速旋转。
行星齿轮的自转:差速器工作时,行星齿轮绕行星齿轮轴的旋转称为行星齿轮的自转;
行星齿轮的公转:差速器工作时,行星齿轮绕半轴轴线的旋转称为行星齿轮的公转;
(1)汽车直线行驶时,主减速器的从动锥齿轮驱动差速器壳旋转,差速器差驱动行星齿轮轴旋转,行星齿轮轴驱动行星齿轮公转,半轴齿轮在行星齿轮的夹持下同速同向旋转,此时,行星齿轮只公转,不自动,左右车轮和转速等于从动锥齿轮的转速。
(2)汽车转弯时,行星齿轮在公转的同时,产生了自转,即绕行星齿轮轴的旋转,造成一侧半轴齿轮转速的增加,而加一侧半轴齿轮转速的降低,两侧车轮以不同的转速旋转。此时,一侧车轮增加的转速等于另一侧车轮减少的转速。
(3)当将两个驱动轮支起后,车轮离地,如果我们转一侧的车轮,另一侧车轮反方向同速旋转,这时,差速器内的行星齿轮只自转,不公转,两侧半轴齿轮以相反的方向旋转,从而带动两侧车轮反方向同速旋转。
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Reprinted from sunset reproduced in at 16:58 on March 16, 2010 Reading (2) Comments (0) Category: Health and Leisure permissions: open
Engine power through the transmission output, it must be passed before the main gear wheels and differential for the front-wheel drive car, as we have a common car, the main gear and the differential transmission within the shell design; for the Rear driven vehicles such as passenger cars and trucks, final drive and differential inside the car after install.
A main gear box
The role of the main gear transmission output power to slow down once again to increase the torque, after which power passed to the differential. The type final drive:
(1) single-stage final drive: Most of the vehicle's final drive for the single-stage main gear box, helical gear reducer type as an ordinary type or cone-shaped gear:
Figure conical gear final drive
In which the main conical gear reducer shown, widely used in car after car after the drive, the transmission output shaft to pass through the active power bevel gear, the driven bevel gear differential after the pass. Normal helical gear reducer used in the main precursor of car transmissions.
Note: For the precursor of the main vehicles of transmission gear, and if the engine in the cabin at the tap, then the final drive gear for the general oblique; if the engine is longitudinal in the cabin, the final drive gear for the cone, such as Santana, Passat and so on.
(2) two-stage final drive: In the heavy truck, often with two-stage final drive, as shown below:
Double reduction final structure
The first level, bevel gear reducer, the second level as an ordinary helical gear reducer.
Second gear:
A differential role:
Car driving in a straight line, around the wheel speed is almost the same, and in turn, left and right wheel speed difference, the differential wheel speed around to achieve the automatic adjustment, which allows left and right wheels rotate at different speeds.
2 differential of the structure:
Differential structure
1 - differential case bearings; 2 and 8 - differential housing; 3 and 5 - to adjust the gasket; 4 - side gears (two); 6 - planetary gear (two or four); 7 - final drive driven bevel gear; 9 - planetary gear shaft. 3 The working principle of differential and working conditions:
The rotation of planetary gears: differential work, stars orbiting planetary gear axis of rotation as the rotation of planetary gears;
Planetary gear revolution: differential work, planetary gears rotate around the axle axis of revolution of a planet gear;
(1) car driving straight, the main gear of the driven rotating bevel gear drive differential case, differential gear differential drive shaft rotation, planetary gear drive gear shaft revolution, axle gears in the planetary gear holder hereinafter the same rotating speed, time, planetary gear only revolution, not automatically, around the wheel and the speed is equal to the speed of the driven bevel gear.
(2) car turning a corner, switch gear, while in public, resulting in a rotation, that is orbiting planetary gear axis of rotation, causing the side of the axle gear speed increases, but increases in the side of the axle shaft gear speed reduction, both sides of the wheel rotate at different speeds. At this point, increase the speed side of the wheel is equal to the other side of the wheel to reduce the speed.
(3) When starting the two wheel support, the wheels off the ground, if we switch to the side of the wheel, the other side of the wheel the opposite direction with the speed of rotation, then, the planetary gear differential rotation only, unfair transfer , both sides of the side gears rotate in opposite directions, so as to drive the opposite direction at the same speed on both sides of the wheel rotation.
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